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conseils pour d\u00e9marrer en Python et notamment pour la premi\u00e8re installation.","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Installer Python sur Windows, MacOS, Linus ou l'utiliser dans le Cloud","contenu_de_larticle":"<h2>L'installation est-elle obligatoire pour utiliser Python ?<\/h2>\r\n\u200d\r\n\r\nAvant de d\u00e9marrer en Python avec <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emil.school\/articles\/python-data-analyse\">notre cours d'introduction gratuit<\/a> ou <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emil.school\/programmes\/python-machine-learning\">notre programme de formation complet<\/a>, commen\u00e7ons par l'installer !\r\n\r\nDe mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, un ordinateur ne peut pas comprendre un langage informatique. Il a besoin d'un interpr\u00e8te comme pour une langue vivante. Cet interpr\u00e8te informatique s'appelle un interpr\u00e9teur. Sans celui-ci d'install\u00e9, on ne peut pas ex\u00e9cuter de commandes en Python. Quand on dit \"Installer Python\", on veut dire que l'on souhaite installer l'interpr\u00e9teur Python sur sa machine.\r\n\r\nFun fact (pour nous en tout cas ), l'ordinateur a son propre langage pour lequel aucun interpr\u00e9teur n'est n\u00e9cessaire, c'est l'assembleur.\r\n\r\nCette \u00e9tape est souvent cach\u00e9e car plusieurs cas de figure :\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>L'interpr\u00e9teur peut d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00eatre install\u00e9 sur votre machine. C'est le cas par exemple s'il vient \"de base\" avec votre syst\u00e8me d'exploitation (comme sur Linux et Mac).<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Il s'installe automatiquement avec des logiciels qui g\u00e8rent l'\u00e9tape de cr\u00e9ation de l'environnement (spoiler alert pour apr\u00e8s)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>On utilise un service comme google colaboratory (qui en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 nous fait utiliser une machine sur laquelle il y a d\u00e9j\u00e0 l'interpr\u00e9teur).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.emil.school\/articles\/python-data-analyse\">Dans nos cours gratuits sur la Data Analyse en Python<\/a>, nous sommes partis sur l'option Google Collaboratory. C'est l'option la plus simple car elle vous permet d'\u00e9crire du Python depuis un navigateur web sans aucune configuration requise. Pour d\u00e9marrer c'est par ici : <a href=\"https:\/\/colab.research.google.com\/notebooks\/intro.ipynb?utm_source=scs-index\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/colab.research.google.com\/notebooks\/intro.ipynb?utm_source=scs-index\u00a0<\/a>\r\n\r\n\u200d\r\n<h2>Installer Python : Pour quel OS ?<\/h2>\r\n\u200d\r\n\r\nIl n'y a pas d'OS meilleur qu'un autre, l'interpr\u00e9teur peut \u00eatre aussi bien install\u00e9 sur Windows que Mac ou encore Linux. Le meilleur conseil est de choisir l'OS que l'on utilise au quotidien !\r\n\r\n\u200d\r\n<h2>Installer Python sur Windows, MacOS et Linux<\/h2>\r\n\u200d\r\n\r\nUne fois l'interpr\u00e9teur install\u00e9, l'ordinateur comprend le langage Python de base. C'est-\u00e0-dire les op\u00e9rations et fonctions \u00e9l\u00e9mentaires que constituent le Python. Un peu comme une voiture sans option, si vous voulez la climatisation, il va falloir la recr\u00e9er soit m\u00eame !!\r\n\r\nHeureusement qu'il y a la communaut\u00e9 pour nous venir en aide. On r\u00e9utilise des composants (la climatisation) \u00e9crits par d'autres pour gagner en temps et en efficacit\u00e9 ! On appelle ces composants des librairies ou encore packages indispensables pour \u00e9crire du code Python moderne.\r\n\r\nChaque librairie a un num\u00e9ro de version associ\u00e9 \u00e0 son stade de d\u00e9veloppement. Si on reprend l'analogie de la climatisation la version 0 est simplement un ventilateur, la version 1 la temp\u00e9rature et la vitesse de vent et enfin la version 3 c'est un thermostat qui g\u00e8re la temp\u00e9rature dans toute la voiture. A mesure que la communaut\u00e9 d\u00e9veloppe les librairies, elle met \u00e0 jour leurs num\u00e9ros de versions.\r\n\r\nLa difficult\u00e9 principale est alors l'interop\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 des librairies entre elles. Une version d'une librairie n'est pas forc\u00e9ment compatible avec une autre. Comme prendre la climatisation d'une tesla dans une 2 cheveaux, \u00e7a ne va pas \u00eatre possible. Pour \u00e9viter ce genre de probl\u00e8mes, on utilise g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement un syst\u00e8me de gestion des package qui est de loin la solution la plus simple pour installer Python ;)\r\n\r\nC'est ce qu'on va faire en utilisant Anaconda :\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>T\u00e9l\u00e9chargement de anaconda (individual edition en tant que particulier) : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.anaconda.com\/products\/individual\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.anaconda.com\/products\/individual<\/a>\u200d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Installer le logiciel sur votre ordinateur<\/li>\r\n \t<li>C'est tout !<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nUne fois le logiciel install\u00e9, il suffira d'ouvrir anaconda et vous arriverez sur le navigateur anaconda qui se pr\u00e9sente en quatre parties :\r\n\r\n<strong>Home<\/strong>\r\n\r\nLes interfaces qui permettent d'\u00e9crire du code Python qu'on d\u00e9taille dans l'article suivant (lien vers article interne des diff\u00e9rentes interfaces)\r\n\r\n<strong>Environments<\/strong>\u200d\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>La liste des librairies qui sont install\u00e9es par environnement (par d\u00e9faut (environnement de base), anaconda pr\u00e9installe plus de 200 librairies parmi les plus utilis\u00e9es pour ne pas avoir \u00e0 s'en soucier)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>La liste des environnements. Un environnement est un ensemble de librairies, on peut \u00eatre amen\u00e9 \u00e0 utiliser Python pour plusieurs projets diff\u00e9rents qui n\u00e9cessiteront des versions diff\u00e9rentes d'une m\u00eame librairie, il faudra alors cr\u00e9er deux environnements distincts.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Learning<\/strong>\r\n\r\nUne liste de ressources p\u00e9dagogiques pour prendre en main Python et commencer son apprentissage, mais pour les bonnes pratiques, il y a Emil :)\r\n\r\n\u200d\r\n<strong>Community<\/strong>\r\n\r\nPour se tenir au courant des annonces sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux, events ...\r\n\r\n\u200d\r\n\r\nVous pouvez voir ces parties \u00e0 cette adresse :\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/anaconda.cloud\/tutorials\/getting-started-with-anaconda-individual-edition?source=individual-edition-tutorial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/anaconda.cloud\/tutorials\/getting-started-with-anaconda-individual-edition?source=individual-edition-tutorial<\/a>\r\n\r\n\u200d\r\n\r\nPour commencer \u00e0 faire du Python, dans le menu home, on peut par exemple choisir l'interface Jupyter et l'installer. Cela ouvrira une interface dans votre navigateur, il suffira alors de cliquer sur \"New\" puis \"Python 3\" pour cr\u00e9er un notebook, format qui permet d'\u00e9crire et d'ex\u00e9cuter du code ! Toutes ces \u00e9tapes sont d\u00e9crites ici : <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.anaconda.com\/anaconda\/user-guide\/getting-started\/#run-python-in-a-jupyter-notebook\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/docs.anaconda.com\/anaconda\/user-guide\/getting-started\/#run-python-in-a-jupyter-notebook<\/a>\r\n\r\n\u200d\r\n<h2>Comment conna\u00eetre sa version Python ?<\/h2>\r\n\u200d\r\n\r\nPour conna\u00eetre sa version de Python, il suffit de regarder la version de Python associ\u00e9e au moment du t\u00e9l\u00e9chargement d'anaconda.\r\n\r\nSinon ouvrir le logiciel Anaconda prompt depuis windows sinon un terminal (mac ou linux) et \u00e9crire la commande suivante: python --version\r\n\r\n\u200d\r\n<h2>Update Python : Comment mettre \u00e0 jour sa version de Python ?<\/h2>\r\n\u200d\r\n\r\nSauf si on est un utilisateur aguerri, on utilise l'environnement par d\u00e9faut cr\u00e9\u00e9 par anaconda pour d\u00e9velopper en Python. Si \u00a0on souhaite une autre version de Python, la meilleure chose \u00e0 faire est de cr\u00e9er un autre environnement depuis la section Environments et choisir la version de Python que l'on souhaite. Il faudra alors r\u00e9installer les librairies que l'on souhaite en les cherchant dans la barre de recherche puis en les installant dans l'environnement.\r\n\r\n\u200d","_contenu_de_larticle":"field_6412588b55814","titre_de_la_banniere":"","_titre_de_la_banniere":"field_6422eb732c237","paragraphe_de_la_banniere":"","_paragraphe_de_la_banniere":"field_6422ed834a968","intitule_du_bouton_de_la_banniere":"","_intitule_du_bouton_de_la_banniere":"field_6422ed934a969","lien_du_bouton_de_la_banniere":null,"_lien_du_bouton_de_la_banniere":null,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Installer Python sur Windows, MacOS, Linus ou l&#039;utiliser dans le Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Quelques conseils pour d\u00e9marrer en Python et notamment pour la premi\u00e8re installation.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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