{"id":237124,"date":"2026-01-14T20:33:33","date_gmt":"2026-01-14T19:33:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.lewagon.com\/?p=237124"},"modified":"2026-09-14T22:14:58","modified_gmt":"2026-09-14T20:14:58","slug":"ia-et-marche-du-travail-au-canada-quelles-competences-font-la-difference","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.lewagon.com\/fr\/career\/ia-et-marche-du-travail-au-canada-quelles-competences-font-la-difference\/","title":{"rendered":"IA et march\u00e9 du travail au Canada : quelles comp\u00e9tences font la diff\u00e9rence ?"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c0 mesure que l’IA transforme notre fa\u00e7on de travailler, quelles comp\u00e9tences prennent de l’importance ? Retour sur une discussion autour du raisonnement, de l’apprentissage, de l’exp\u00e9rience et des comp\u00e9tences humaines.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":237123,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[100,142],"type_de_post":[5],"post-format":[175],"class_list":["post-237124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-career","category-skills","tag-ia","tag-le-wagon-fr","tag-tech","type_de_post-avec-sommaire","post-format-post-fr"],"acf":[],"acfml_non_translatable_locations":null,"_wp_attached_file":null,"_wp_attachment_metadata":null,"wpml_media_processed":null,"_elementor_inline_svg":null,"_elementor_source_image_hash":null,"_wp_attachment_image_alt":null,"_msc":null,"_elementor_is_screenshot":null,"_wp_attachment_context":null,"_oembed_4f1dc266c1e5b199d2e3668569863d35":null,"_wp_attachment_backup_sizes":null,"description_courte_du_cours":null,"_description_courte_du_cours":null,"sujets":null,"_sujets":null,"niveau":null,"_niveau":null,"duree":null,"_duree":null,"lien_externe_du_cours":null,"_lien_externe_du_cours":null,"_g_feedback_shortcode_8e54bebc0966bf7f9290fee5ef5e57c8a8c597c6":null,"_g_feedback_shortcode_atts_8e54bebc0966bf7f9290fee5ef5e57c8a8c597c6":null,"elementor_font_files":null,"elementor_font_face":null,"_elementor_location":null,"_elementor_priority":null,"_elementor_code":null,"_elementor_extra_options":null,"date_de_levent":null,"_date_de_levent":null,"heure_de_debut_de_levent":null,"_heure_de_debut_de_levent":null,"heure_de_fin_de_levent":null,"_heure_de_fin_de_levent":null,"time_zone":null,"_time_zone":null,"description_de_levent":null,"_description_de_levent":null,"format_du_cours":null,"_format_du_cours":null,"pre-requis":null,"_pre-requis":null,"langue_de_levent":null,"_langue_de_levent":null,"lien_externe_de_levent":null,"_lien_externe_de_levent":null,"_yoast_wpseo_primary_tag_events":null,"lieu_de_levent":null,"_lieu_de_levent":null,"_menu_item_type":null,"_menu_item_menu_item_parent":null,"_menu_item_object_id":null,"_menu_item_object":null,"_menu_item_target":null,"_menu_item_classes":null,"_menu_item_xfn":null,"_menu_item_url":null,"_omapi_type":null,"_omapi_ids":null,"_omapi_enabled":null,"_yoast_wpseo_content_score":"30","_pll_strings_translations":null,"_yoast_wpseo_primary_post_tag":"304","_yoast_wpseo_primary_type_de_post":"","_yoast_wpseo_primary_post-format":"","_oembed_e607e81f61090d85eabdabc743a27470":null,"_oembed_196c62ccee9fda191cd6fa5f568ddc05":null,"_oembed_6b5f28c0de48cbf3a2ad766be5eb3b30":null,"_oembed_082c4292f4cd0dedc40ae746a899501c":null,"om_disable_all_campaigns":null,"wpil_sync_report3":null,"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"IA 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l\u2019IA transforme-t-elle le march\u00e9 du travail au Canada ? D\u00e9couvrez les comp\u00e9tences qui comptent : raisonnement, apprentissage, communication et adaptation.","_yoast_wpseo_title":"IA et march\u00e9 du travail au Canada : les comp\u00e9tences cl\u00e9s","contenu_de_larticle":"Comment l'intelligence artificielle transforme-t-elle les comp\u00e9tences recherch\u00e9es sur le march\u00e9 du travail canadien ? C'est l'une des questions au c\u0153ur du <\/span>livre blanc r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par Le Wagon Canada et Rhum.hr<\/a><\/b>, et de la table ronde organis\u00e9e \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al pour prolonger la r\u00e9flexion avec des professionnel\u00b7les du secteur.<\/span>\r\n\r\nR\u00e9uni\u00b7es autour de Pierre-Luc Labb\u00e9e (Rhum.hr), <\/span>Philippe Tr\u00e9panier (CTO, Osedea), R\u00e9mi Dion (cofondateur et associ\u00e9, Explor.ai) et Marie-Gabrielle Ayoub (cofondatrice et directrice g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, Le Wagon Canada)<\/b> ont partag\u00e9 leurs observations sur l'\u00e9volution du travail, du recrutement et des comp\u00e9tences face \u00e0 l'IA.<\/span>\r\n\r\nEt rapidement, la discussion a d\u00e9pass\u00e9 la seule question des comp\u00e9tences techniques.<\/span>\r\n\r\nPhilippe l'illustre avec l'\u00e9volution de ses entrevues chez Osedea. \u00ab Il y a dix ans, \u00e7a faisait beaucoup de sens. L\u00e0, maintenant, \u00e9coute, tu es capable de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer du code. Si le code, il roule, ce n'est pas \u00e7a qui m'int\u00e9resse. \u00bb Ce qui l'int\u00e9resse davantage : est-ce que la personne comprend le probl\u00e8me ? Est-elle capable d'apporter une solution et d'it\u00e9rer rapidement dessus ?<\/span>\r\n\r\nAu fil de la discussion, un constat se dessine : <\/span>\u00e0 mesure que l'IA facilite certaines t\u00e2ches d'ex\u00e9cution, le raisonnement, l'apprentissage, la communication et la capacit\u00e9 d'adaptation prennent une place centrale dans les \u00e9changes.<\/b>\r\n

Le raisonnement, pas seulement l'ex\u00e9cution<\/span><\/h2>\r\nPour Philippe, ce changement se r\u00e9sume \u00e0 un mot : le raisonnement.<\/span>\r\n
\u00ab Dans un monde o\u00f9 c'est plus facile d'ex\u00e9cuter, la r\u00e9flexion doit prendre un plus grand espace dans le travail des gens. \u00bb<\/span><\/blockquote>\r\nConcr\u00e8tement, en entrevue, cela signifie s'int\u00e9resser moins \u00e0 la capacit\u00e9 d'ex\u00e9cuter une t\u00e2che technique qu'\u00e0 la fa\u00e7on dont une personne aborde un probl\u00e8me : comment elle l'analyse, comment elle choisit ses outils et comment elle adapte sa solution.<\/span>\r\n
\u00ab Pour r\u00e9ussir une entrevue, il faut montrer qu'on est capable de r\u00e9soudre des probl\u00e8mes rapidement. C'est vraiment \u00e7a \u00bb, r\u00e9sume Philippe.<\/span><\/blockquote>\r\nR\u00e9mi rejoint cette r\u00e9flexion avec une distinction importante : <\/span>l'autonomie n'est pas l'ind\u00e9pendance<\/b>.<\/span>\r\n
\u00ab L'ind\u00e9pendance, c'est \"I got this\". \u00c7a, c'est un red flag. \u00bb Une personne autonome, explique-t-il, est plut\u00f4t capable d'analyser un probl\u00e8me, d'identifier ses propres limites et d'aller chercher les outils ou les personnes dont elle a besoin.<\/span><\/blockquote>\r\nUne question qu'il peut poser en entrevue illustre bien cette approche : combien de feuilles y a-t-il sur l'arbre dehors ? Personne ne conna\u00eet r\u00e9ellement la r\u00e9ponse.<\/span>\r\n
\u00ab Mais moi, ce qui m'int\u00e9resse, c'est comment tu vas \u00e9valuer \u00e7a. Montre-moi comment tu r\u00e9fl\u00e9chis. \u00bb<\/span><\/blockquote>\r\n

Apprendre \u00e0 apprendre dans un environnement qui \u00e9volue vite<\/span><\/h2>\r\nCette capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 raisonner va de pair avec une autre comp\u00e9tence largement discut\u00e9e pendant la table ronde : <\/span>apprendre \u00e0 apprendre<\/b>.<\/span>\r\n
\u00ab C'est d'autant plus vrai maintenant. Les connaissances \u00e9voluent, il faut continuer \u00e0 s'attendre \u00e0 ce qu\u2019elles \u00e9voluent \u00bb, explique R\u00e9mi.<\/span><\/blockquote>\r\nPour lui, cela implique aussi une \u00e9volution de la culture des organisations. Apr\u00e8s avoir beaucoup parl\u00e9 de \u00ab culture de l'innovation \u00bb ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, il propose de mettre davantage l'accent sur une <\/span>culture de l'apprentissage<\/b> : qu'est-ce que chacun\u00b7e a appris cette semaine, ce mois-ci ou cette ann\u00e9e ?<\/span>\r\n\r\nCette \u00e9volution touche \u00e9galement la formation.<\/span>\r\n
\u00ab Le gros d\u00e9fi, \u00e7a a \u00e9t\u00e9 de mettre \u00e0 jour aussi la p\u00e9dagogie des curriculums pour pouvoir int\u00e9grer l'IA \u00bb, explique Marie-Gabrielle. Chez Le Wagon, la formation AI Software ne se limite ainsi plus au d\u00e9veloppement web : les \u00e9tudiant\u00b7es apprennent \u00e9galement \u00e0 int\u00e9grer l'IA dans leurs applications et \u00e0 l'utiliser dans leur travail de d\u00e9veloppeur\u00b7euse.<\/span><\/blockquote>\r\nMais apprendre en continu ne signifie pas essayer de ma\u00eetriser chaque nouvel outil qui appara\u00eet.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u00c0 la fin de la discussion, Marie-Gabrielle met justement en garde contre le <\/span>FOMO<\/b> que peut cr\u00e9er l'abondance actuelle d'outils d'IA : avoir constamment l'impression d'\u00eatre en retard parce qu'un nouvel outil vient de sortir.<\/span>\r\n\r\nLa question \u00e0 se poser est plut\u00f4t : est-ce que cet outil va r\u00e9ellement m'\u00eatre utile dans mon travail et m'aider \u00e0 atteindre mes objectifs ?<\/span>\r\n

Plus de technologie, mais aussi des comp\u00e9tences profond\u00e9ment humaines<\/span><\/h2>\r\nC'est l'un des paradoxes qui ressort de la discussion : <\/span>une table ronde consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 l'IA a finalement beaucoup parl\u00e9 de comp\u00e9tences humaines.<\/b>\r\n\r\nCuriosit\u00e9, communication, r\u00e9solution de probl\u00e8mes, capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 travailler en \u00e9quipe et \u00e0 s'adapter : Marie-Gabrielle souligne que ces comp\u00e9tences ressortent \u00e9galement parmi celles recherch\u00e9es par les entreprises.<\/span>\r\n\r\nLa comp\u00e9tence technique reste importante, mais elle s'inscrit dans un ensemble plus large.<\/span>\r\n
\u00ab Si on sait utiliser tel outil ou si on sait programmer, mais qu'on ne sait pas communiquer ou bien travailler en \u00e9quipe, est-ce qu'on sera un candidat aussi int\u00e9ressant que la personne qui va avoir cumul\u00e9 toute cette expertise-l\u00e0 ? \u00bb, interroge-t-elle.<\/span><\/blockquote>\r\nR\u00e9mi insiste lui aussi sur l'importance de la communication. \u00catre capable d'articuler une id\u00e9e, de convaincre un\u00b7e coll\u00e8gue, un\u00b7e client\u00b7e ou un\u00b7e investisseur\u00b7euse implique de savoir structurer sa pens\u00e9e.<\/span>\r\n\r\nPierre-Luc revient sur cette id\u00e9e \u00e0 la fin de la table ronde : malgr\u00e9 un \u00e9v\u00e9nement consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 l'intelligence artificielle, la conversation a finalement peu port\u00e9 sur le code ou sur des sujets tr\u00e8s techniques.<\/span>\r\n
\u00ab Tout ce dont on a parl\u00e9, c'est curiosit\u00e9, soif d'apprentissage, adaptation, parcours atypique [...] capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 se remettre en question, humilit\u00e9. \u00bb<\/span><\/blockquote>\r\n

Les parcours atypiques apportent une autre forme d'exp\u00e9rience<\/span><\/h2>\r\nCette combinaison de comp\u00e9tences techniques et humaines donne aussi une autre valeur aux parcours qui ne sont pas lin\u00e9aires.<\/span>\r\n\r\nMarie-Gabrielle l'observe chez les personnes qui passent par Le Wagon : des musicien\u00b7nes qui deviennent d\u00e9veloppeur\u00b7euses, des analystes qui \u00e9voluent vers la science des donn\u00e9es, ou plus largement des personnes qui arrivent en formation apr\u00e8s une premi\u00e8re exp\u00e9rience professionnelle.<\/span>\r\n\r\nElles ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 travaill\u00e9 avec des client\u00b7es, des coll\u00e8gues ou sur des projets avant d'acqu\u00e9rir de nouvelles comp\u00e9tences techniques.<\/span>\r\n
\u00ab Ils\u00b7elles am\u00e8nent de l\u2019exp\u00e9rience, en plus de la comp\u00e9tence technique qu'ils\u00b7elles sont all\u00e9\u00b7es chercher r\u00e9cemment au Wagon. \u00bb<\/span><\/blockquote>\r\nPour R\u00e9mi, cette diversit\u00e9 des exp\u00e9riences est \u00e9galement pr\u00e9cieuse parce qu'elle expose les \u00e9quipes \u00e0 diff\u00e9rentes fa\u00e7ons d'aborder des situations nouvelles.<\/span>\r\n

L'exp\u00e9rience professionnelle peut aussi devenir un atout<\/span><\/h2>\r\nCette r\u00e9flexion rejoint une autre inqui\u00e9tude \u00e9voqu\u00e9e pendant la discussion : celle des personnes qui ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 plusieurs ann\u00e9es de carri\u00e8re et craignent de devenir d\u00e9su\u00e8tes face \u00e0 l'IA.<\/span>\r\n\r\nPhilippe prend plut\u00f4t la position inverse.<\/span>\r\n
\u00ab Les gens avec de l'exp\u00e9rience sont quasiment avantag\u00e9s avec de l'IA. On a une maturit\u00e9 qui vient avec \u00e7a. Puis \u00e7a, c'est quelque chose qui ne s'automatise pas. \u00bb<\/span><\/blockquote>\r\nSelon lui, une personne qui a d\u00e9j\u00e0 eu une carri\u00e8re peut puiser dans cette exp\u00e9rience, m\u00eame lorsqu'elle change de domaine. Les outils et les m\u00e9thodes peuvent s'apprendre, tandis que cette maturit\u00e9 professionnelle apporte une perspective diff\u00e9rente.<\/span>\r\n

Mais cette transition ne sera pas automatique pour tout le monde<\/span><\/h2>\r\nL'optimisme des pan\u00e9listes n'a pas emp\u00each\u00e9 les \u00e9changes d'aborder les risques li\u00e9s \u00e0 cette transformation.<\/span>\r\n\r\nPendant la p\u00e9riode de questions, plusieurs participant\u00b7es ont notamment interrog\u00e9 les pan\u00e9listes sur l'automatisation des emplois et sur les personnes qui pourraient avoir plus de difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 s'adapter \u00e0 un environnement o\u00f9 l'apprentissage, le raisonnement et la capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00e9voluer prennent davantage de place.<\/span>\r\n\r\nR\u00e9mi reconna\u00eet cette limite :<\/span>\r\n
\u00ab Les personnes qui sont vuln\u00e9rables, elles vont continuer \u00e0 \u00eatre vuln\u00e9rables dans ce monde-l\u00e0. \u00bb<\/span><\/blockquote>\r\nIl r\u00e9sume son point de vue ainsi : \u00ab L'IA ne cr\u00e9e pas de probl\u00e8me, elle exacerbe les probl\u00e8mes existants. \u00bb<\/span>\r\n\r\nLes \u00e9changes ont \u00e9galement nuanc\u00e9 l'id\u00e9e selon laquelle automatiser une t\u00e2che reviendrait simplement \u00e0 remplacer la personne qui l'effectue. Plusieurs pan\u00e9listes ont insist\u00e9 sur la complexit\u00e9 r\u00e9elle de l'automatisation, les nouveaux besoins qu'elle peut cr\u00e9er et l'importance de rester impliqu\u00e9 dans les processus.<\/span>\r\n\r\nLa table ronde n'apporte donc pas de r\u00e9ponse simple \u00e0 la question de l'impact de l'IA sur l'emploi. Elle fait plut\u00f4t ressortir les comp\u00e9tences que les pan\u00e9listes jugent importantes pour \u00e9voluer dans cet environnement.<\/span>\r\n

Raisonner, apprendre, communiquer et s'adapter<\/span><\/h2>\r\n\u00c0 travers les diff\u00e9rents \u00e9changes, quatre th\u00e8mes reviennent r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement : <\/span>raisonner face \u00e0 un probl\u00e8me, continuer \u00e0 apprendre, savoir communiquer et \u00eatre capable de s'adapter.<\/b>\r\n\r\nLes outils continueront d'\u00e9voluer. Et comme le rappelle Marie-Gabrielle, cela ne signifie pas qu'il faut tous les apprendre : il faut aussi savoir d\u00e9terminer lesquels sont r\u00e9ellement utiles pour son travail et ses objectifs.<\/span>\r\n\r\nC'est peut-\u00eatre ce qui r\u00e9sume le mieux cette discussion sur l'avenir du travail : <\/span>l'enjeu n'est pas uniquement de savoir utiliser l'IA, mais de savoir comment continuer \u00e0 \u00e9voluer avec les technologies qui transforment son m\u00e9tier.<\/b>\r\n\r\nLes comp\u00e9tences \u00e9voluent, nos formations aussi.<\/b> D\u00e9couvrez comment les bootcamps Le Wagon int\u00e8grent aujourd'hui l'IA, la r\u00e9solution de probl\u00e8mes et l'apprentissage par la pratique.<\/span>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nD\u00e9couvrir les formations Le Wagon Canada \u2192<\/span><\/a>\r\n\r\n ","_contenu_de_larticle":"field_6412588b55814","titre_de_la_banniere":"","_titre_de_la_banniere":"field_6422eb732c237","paragraphe_de_la_banniere":"","_paragraphe_de_la_banniere":"field_6422ed834a968","intitule_du_bouton_de_la_banniere":"","_intitule_du_bouton_de_la_banniere":"field_6422ed934a969","lien_du_bouton_de_la_banniere":"","_lien_du_bouton_de_la_banniere":"field_6422eda54a96a","yoast_head":"\nIA et march\u00e9 du travail au Canada : les comp\u00e9tences cl\u00e9s<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Comment l\u2019IA transforme-t-elle le march\u00e9 du travail au Canada ? 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